CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY

STUDY GUIDE 1 - IMPORTANT WORDS AND CONCEPTS

Bring a #2 pencil to the exam.

Check in class for additions to the list

Culture

enculturation

participant observation

ethnocentrism

cultural relativism

culture shock

Primates

Baboons

Chimpanzees, Bonobos, and Gorillas

Adaptation

Social Organization

Evolution of Culture

Australopithecines

bipedal locomotion

cranial capacity

Homo erectus

big game hunting

home base

fire

Neanderthals

Homo sapiens (ancient humans)

omnivore

carnivore

herbivore

Studying Cultures

Early Evolutionism

Tylor, Morgan

Historical Particularism

Boas

Functionalism

Malinowski

Culture and Personality

Mead

Neo-evolutionism

Cultural Ecology

Scientific vs Humanistic Approaches

Synchronic/diachronic

Primeval

Language

symbol

sign (signal)

open v. closed system

learning/children

phonemes & contrastive units

voiced/voiceless

aspirated/unaspirated

morphemes

bound/free

syntax and grammar

tonal languages

deep structure

language change

glottochronology

in/out-of-awareness

Sapir/Whorf Hypothesis

Linguistic Relativity

chimp/gorilla/bonobo language use

Washoe/Koko/Kanzi

Gender

Nature vs. Nurture

gender roles

gender stratification

division of labor/contribution to subsistence

Meadπs research

Berdache/Warrior Women

Subsistence

hunting and gathering

marginal, nomadic

range, size, density

occupations, leisure time

egalitarian, work share

domestication/domesticated

sedentary

agriculture

—extensive vs. intensive

—chinampa/irrigation

—development

horticulture

slash-and-burn

pastoral nomads

transhumance

indigenous

Films

A Conversation with Koko and The Baka