"q"= "ch" (qian)
"x"= "sh" (xin)
"zh"= "j" (zhan)
"c"= "ts" (cun)
"i"=
"r" after "ch," "zh," and "r" (chi)
"u" after "z," "c," and "s" (zi)
"ee" after "j," "q," "x" and all others (ji)
p'=p (p'an)
ch'=ch (ch'an)
t'=t (t'un)
k'=k (k'an)
ts'=ts (ts'an)
p=b (pan)
ch=j (chan)
t=d (tun)
k=g (kan)
ts=z (tsan)
Surname first
Skaff Jonathan
Wife keeps surname after marriage
Single character surname (most common)
Zhu Yuanzhang (Chu Yuan-chang)
Mao Zedong (Mao Tse-tung)