Japanese Aggression in China

Japan's Political Situation

Depression

Economic crisis

Exports fell 50%, 1929-1931
Silk price fell 50%

Desire for markets and raw materials

Lack of faith in political parties

Right wing nationalism

Secret societies with members in military

Weakness of constitution

Lack of civilian control over military

Prime Minister

*Emperor Hirohito

Japanese Interests on Continental East Asia

Korea

Protectorate, 1905

Colony, 1910

*Liaodong, 1905

*S. Manchurian Railway Company

*Kwantung Army

Port Arthur (Lüshun) 1905

Mukden 1928

Manchuria

Zhang Zuolin

Assassinated 1928

Zhang Xueliang

The Young Marshall

Kwantung Army

Right wing leadership

Fear of GMD strength

Markets and raw materials

Invasion of Manchuria

*Manchurian Incident

Mukden, Sept. 1931

Japanese Cabinet vs. General staff

Lack of GMD resistance

Shanghai battles, Jan.-May 1932

*Manchukuo, March 1932

*Puyi

Justifications

Anti-warlordism

Pan-Asian nationalism

Manchuria reaction

Collaboration

Passive acceptance

Video: China in Revolution

How does the video depict the Chinese reaction to the Japanese invasion?

What was the CCP's policy toward Japan?

Further encroachment, Feb.-May 1933

Rehe

Tanggu truce

N. Hebei demilitarized

Meanwhile to the West

CCP policy toward Japan

Yan'an, Oct. 1935

Propaganda Campaign

“United Front”

Manchurian Army in Xi'an

*Second United Front

CCP in Yan'an

*Xi'an Incident, Dec. 1936

Secret Negotiations

Chiang Kai-shek
Zhang Xueliang
Zhou Enlai