PSYCHOLOGY 235     SPRING 2006

STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTERS 1 - 3


 
 
Behaviorism
Cognitive neuroscience
Conditioning
Determinism
Hypothesis
Innate
Instinct
Learning
Maturation
Operational definition
Reductionism
Reflex
Reinforcement
Response
Stimulus
Fatigue
Habituation
Intertrial interval
 
 
 
Pseudoconditioning
Sensitization
Sensory adaptation
Spinal animal
Spontaneous recovery
Acquisition training
Anticipatory response
Backward conditioning
Blocking effect
Classical conditioning
Conditioned emotional response
CR  conditioned response
CS  conditioned stimulus
Configural learning
Contiguity
Contingency
Counterconditioning
Delayed conditioning


Dependent variable


Excitatory conditioning


Extinction
Higher-order conditioning
Independent variable
Inhibitory conditioning
Interstimulus interval
Latency
Overshadowing
Preexposure effect
Preparatory response
Reflex arc
Salience
Sensory preconditioning
Simultaneous conditioning
Stimulus substitution
Systematic desensitization
Temporal coding hypothesis
Trace conditioning
UR  unconditioned response
US  unconditioned stimulus


 

What is the distinction between learning and performance?
 
What was so important about DesCartes’ invention of the reflex?
 
How do we define learning?
 
If a stimulus is below threshold, is it a stimulus?
 
What do we mean by a Just Noticable Difference (JND)?
 
Can we be determinists and still have free will?
 
What do we mean by an association?
 
What is the problem with reductionism as a way of answering questions?
 
In a habituation experiment, how might we distinguish between sensory adaptation and fatigue?
 
What factors affect habituation?
 
What factors affect sensitization?
 
In terms of Erik Kandel’s work with aplysia, what are the differences between habituation and sensitization at the cellular level?
 
What did Pavlov mean by psychic secretions?
 
What is disinhibition?
 
What is the difference between a CR and a UR?
 
What evidence did Watson have that emotions are classically conditioned?
 
What do we mean by a suppression ratio?  How does it measure conditioned emotional responding?
 
 
 
 
What effect do these variables have on conditioning strength:
 
US intensity
US duration
CS-US interval
Intertrial interval
Practice
Novelty of the CS and US
Similarity of the CS and US
Instructions
 
 
 
Describe sensory preconditioning
 
Why was blocking so important for learning theorists?
 
What is the basic idea behind Rescorla/Wagner theory?