Onin War 1467-77
1) Former provincial governors (20%)
2) Local military lords (majority of daimyō)
3) Lowly samurai or warrior-farmers
Politics/Military
✓Lord (daimyō)-vassal (samurai) bond
Economy
✓Land grants
Castles & Forts
✓Independent cities
Society
✓Warrior aristocracy
Self-governing villages of free farmers vs. European serfs
Small domain in Owari
2000 followers
*Kyoto 京都 “capital city” captured, 1568
Allied with emperor and Ashikaga Yoshiaki
30,000 followers
Attacks Buddhist monasteries, 1571-2
Enryakuji Monastery (Pure Land Buddhism) [Kyoto Map]
Ikkō (True Pure Land) communities
Ended Ashikaga Shogunate, 1573
Nobunaga’s title
“imperial adviser” not shogun
Battle of Nagashino (SE of Nagoya), 1575
Controlled 1/3 of Japan
Keys to success
Military innovations
Infantry with long pikes
Administrative reforms
Land surveys
Consolidation of samurai vassals
Humble background
Sandal holder in teens
Rose to generals
Nobunaga and sons assassinated, 1582
Hideyoshi 1 of 4 regents
Sole power, 1585
“Imperial Regent” not shogun
Completed conquest, 1585-90
Undertook land surveys
Transferred daimyō frequently
Destroyed small forts and castles
Took hostages from defeated enemies
✓Daimyō had to provide troops and laborers
Built Osaka Castle, 1583-90
Invaded Korea, 1592
✓Separated farmers and warriors
✓Collected weapons from non-warriors
Died 1598
Only produced 1 son surviving childhood
Toyotomi Hideyori
5 years old in 1598
5 regents Tokugawa Ieyasu dominant