Ban on daimyo acquiring weapons and large ships rescinded, 1853
Alternate attendance abolished, 1863
Samurai stipends cut
International trade disrupts economy
Price of rice increased 700% from 1863-1867
Farmland diverted to export products
tea and mulberry trees [trees [leaves for silkworms]
Crop failures
Most uprisings of entire Tokugawa occurred in 1866
35 Urban riots
106 peasant uprisings
Famine
*“Able-Daimyo”
Sonnō jōi "Revere the emperor and expel the barbarians"
Yoshida Shōin, executed 1859
Shishi “Men of High Purpose”
Young, low status samurai
Terrorism, 1860-64
Ii Naosuke assassinated, 1860
*Katsu [Rintarō] Kaishu survives, 1862 (Gordon, 54)
Attacks against foreigners
Control of Kyoto and Chōshū
Driven from Kyoto and Chōshū, 1864
American and Tokugawa attacks
“Able-Daimyo” and loyalists
Military modernization
Chōshū “Rebellion,” 1865
Failed Tokugawa punitive expedition, 1866
Sought centralized government
Yoshinobu resigns as Shogun, Nov.
Ends shogunate, but not the Tokugawa domain
“Hey, What the hell!”